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U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 97-470A
MAPS SHOWING GEOLOGY, OIL AND GAS FIELDS
AND GEOLOGICAL PROVINCES OF AFRICA
by
by Feliks Persits, Thomas Ahlbrandt,
Michele Tuttle, Ronald Charpentier,
Michael Brownfield, Kenneth Takahashi
USGS Energy Team
Box 25046 MS939
Denver, CO 80225
1997
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BRUCE BABBIT, Secretary
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Gordon P. Eaton, Director
Distributed free of charge by:
USGS Information Services
Box 25286, Building 810
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225
Call: (303) 202-4200
For more information on the World Energy Project contact:
Tom Ahlbrandt
ahlbrandt@usgs.gov
phone: 303-236-5776
Box 25046 MS 939
Denver Federal Center,
Denver, CO 80225-0046
For more information on this CD-ROM contact:
Ken Takahashi
kt@usgs.gov
phone: 303-236-5782
Box 25046, MS 939
Denver Federal Center,
Denver, CO 80225-0046
I. INTRODUCTION
This digital map compilation, which includes geology, geologic provinces and oil and gas
fields of the African continent, is part of a series of such maps of the world produced by
the U. S. Geological Survey World Energy Project. The goal of the project is to produce
an assessment of the undiscovered, technically recoverable oil and gas resources of the
world and report these results by the year 2000. To assess the world╒s petroleum, a
sequence of steps is being undertaken proceeding from defining geologic provinces of the
world at a comparable scale, allocating oil and gas fields to these provinces, defining
petroleum systems within these provinces to ultimately assessing the undiscovered
petroleum potential of selected provinces of the world. A fuller discussion of the geologic
provinces and their relative ranking in terms of total known petroleum volume is given in
USGS Open File Report 97-463 entitled ╥Ranking of the world╒s oil and gas provinces by
known petroleum volumes╙ (see References). The relative ranking of petroleum provinces
on this map is discussed in Open File 97-463 to which the reader is referred.
For the World Energy assessment, the world was divided into eight energy regions which
correspond approximately with the economic regions of the world as defined by the U.S.
Department of State. Sub-Saharan Africa (Region 7) and the North Africa part of Region 2
are represented on this CD-ROM. The geology map for Africa was compiled and
synthesized from a 1:5,000,000 UNESCO geologic map (see References). Specific details
of the data sources are given in the metadata file on this CD-ROM. Map units were
combined to simplify the map when projected at a larger scale and to maintain consistency
with other region maps. Precambrian rocks are undivided and consist of sedimentary,
metamorphic, and igneous types. The boundary between Regions 2 (Middle East/North
Africa) and 7 (Sub-Saharan Africa) is shown as an inset on the map.
Each region was divided into geologic provinces. Province boundaries for Africa were
delineated onshore using data from the UNESCO geologic (see References) and a
UNESCO tectonic map, (see References) and offshore by the 2000 meter bathymetric
contour from the UNESCO geologic map (see References). Some provinces contain
multiple basins that are genetically related. Each province was assigned a unique number;
the first digit is the region number. An attempt was made to number the provinces in
geographical order. In Northern Africa, the numbering starts in the northeast corner of
Africa, a continuation of the numbering of the Middle East part of Region 2. Numbering
in Region 7 begins in the northwest part of the region, with the second and third digits
sequentially numbering provinces north to south, west to east.
II. REFERENCES
1. Commission for the Geologic Map of the World/UNESCO-ASGU, 1990, Carte
Geologique Internationale de l╒Afrique: Paris, France. 1:5,000,000, 6
sheets.
2. Commission for the Geologic Map of the World/UNESCO-ASGU, 1990, Carte
Tectonique Internationale de l╒Afrique: Paris, France. 1:5,000,000, 9
sheets.
3. Klett, T. R,. Ahlbrandt, T. S., Schmoker, J. W., and Dolton, G. L., 1997
Ranking of the world's oil and gas provinces by known petroleum volumes:
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-463, one CD-ROM.
III. DISCLAIMERS
This Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) publication was prepared by an agency
of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency
thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or
assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness
of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this report, or represents
that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific
commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or
otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or
favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
Although all data and software published on this CD-ROM have been used by the USGS,
no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and
related materials and (or) the functioning of the software. The act of distribution shall not
constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of
this data, software, or related materials.
IV. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
A. - Macintosh computer with 68020 (Macintosh II series) or greater processor (including
all Power Macintosh computers).
- MacOS 7.0 or later
- 3300 KB application RAM for 680x0-based Macintosh or Power Macintosh with Virtual
Memory turned on; 5227 KB for Power Macintosh with Virtual Memory turned off
- 8 MB hard disk space, plus 4.4 MB additional temporary disk space available during
installation
- For viewing PDF files inside a Web browser, Netscape Navigator 3.0 or later (3.0.1 or
later recommended)
(Netscape Navigator 2.0.2 can also be used with limitations; e.g., it will not allow you to
submit a PDF form, and operations such as printing PDF files from within Netscape
Navigator 2.0.2 can crash your Mac.)
You may also be able to use other Web browsers that fully support the Netscape APIs.
B. Intel - x86-based personal computer (386 minimum; 486, Pentium, or
Pentium Pro recommended)
- Microsoft Windows 3.1, Microsoft Windows for Workgroups,
Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft Windows NT 3.51 or 4.0
- 4 MB application RAM
- 5 MB hard disk space, plus 7 MB additional temporary disk space
available during installation
- For viewing PDF files inside of a Web browser:
Netscape Navigator 3.0 or later (3.0.1 or later recommended)
or Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 or later.
(Netscape Navigator 2.0.2 can also be used with limitations; e.g.
it will not allow you to submit a PDF form. You may also be able
to use other Web browsers that FULLY support the Netscape APIs.)
C. Sun SPARCstation
- SunOS(TM) 4.1.3 or later, or Solaris(R) 2.3, 2.4, or 2.5 operating system
software (Acrobat Reader will not run under Solaris 2.0, 2.1, or 2.2.)
- OpenWindows(TM) (version 3.0 or later), Motif(TM) window manager (1.2.3 or
later), OpenLook version 3.0, or Common Desktop Environment (CDE) 1.0
and above
- 12 megabytes of available hard disk space
- A 32 MB RAM
D. HP workstation
- 9000 series workstation model 700 or 800
- HP-UX(TM) 9.0.3 or later operating system software
- X Window System(TM) X11R5 with HP-VUE or CDE 1.0
- 12 megabytes of available hard disk space
- A 32 MB RAM
E. Silicon Graphics workstation
- IRIX(TM) 5.3 or later operating system software
- 12 megabytes of available hard disk space
- A 32 MB RAM
F. IBM RS/6000 workstation:
- AIX(R) 4.1 or later operating system
- CDE 1.0 or Motif window manager
- 12 megabytes of available hard disk space
- A 32 MB RAM
V. INSTRUCTIONS AND DOCUMENTATION FOR OFR 97-470A
A. Contents
Files on this CD-ROM include:
1. AFPROV.PDF╤ Portable Document File (PDF files for Acrobat)
This file is a complete color map of geology, oil and gas field centerpoints from the
Petroconsultants 1996 database, geological provinces, and country boundaries at the scale
of 1:12,500,000 in an Adobe Portable Document File. This file is readable by means of the
freeware program, Acrobat Reader 3, that is included on the CD╨ROM. Instructions below
describe how to install Acrobat, as well as launch, view, navigate, and search the file. This
PDF file and accompanying software allows users to preview the map data contained in this
product.
2. Various installation instructions and files for Adobe Acrobat reader, see section VI.
below.
3. Metadata descriptor (created in accordance to FGDC standards for metadata) in two
formats, afr_meta.mac, in Macintosh text file format, and afr_meta.dos in PC text file
format.
4. ARC/Info export files, located in the africa/exprt_pc, africa/exprt_ux subdirectories, for
PC systems and UNIX systems, respectively, (see metadata file for complete list)
consisting of coverages for geologic age, province boundaries, oil and gas field
centerpoints, country boundaries in the following formats:
a. ARC/Info export files in standard interchange format (with .e00 extension)
b. Ungenerate files (with.gen extension)
c. Attribute files (with .csv extension)
5. Text files used to produce the map composition at 1:12,500,000 scale, located in the
africa/text_mac, africa/text_pc, africa/text_ux subdirectories for Macintosh, PC systems
and UNIX systems, respectively.
6. ARC/Info plot files, located in the africa/plot subdirectory, consisting of two ARC/INFO
map compositions in africa/plot/afr_map and africa/plot/provs_map and plot files (with
.hp2 extension) for use with HP650C color plotters.
7. ARCVIEW files in africa/views for users with ESRI╒s ARCVIEW 3.0 or later. These
are shape files for the geologic map, province boundaries, centerpoints of oil and gas
fields, and country boundaries, in Robinson projection.
VI. ACROBAT READER INSTALLATION
A. Installation procedures vary slightly among the five platforms listed below, but,
generally, the procedure is as follows:
1. Copy the AFPROV.PDF file to your hard drive if appromimately 8MB is available.
The file can be accessed from the CD-ROM, however, response will be greatly improved
if the file is copied to a disk drive.
2. Install Acrobat Reader 3 on your hard drive if not already installed.
3. Launch Acrobat Reader and then open the AFPROV.PDF file.
Refer to the read me and text files supplied for each type of Acrobat reader for specific
installation instructions. These files are:
B. Macintosh:
ACROREAD/README_M.MAC
ACROREAD/MAC/Reader/Reader/ReadMe-Reader
ACROREAD/MAC/Reader/Reader+Search/ReadMe-Reader
C. Windows:
ACROREAD/WIN/READER/16BIT/README.TXT
ACROREAD/WIN/READER/ 32BIT/README.TXT
ACROREAD/WIN/RDR_SRCH/16BIT/README.TXT
ACROREAD/WIN/RDR_SRCH/32BIT/README.TXT
D. UNIX systems:
ACROREAD/UNIX/READER/INSTGUID.TXT
ACROREAD/UNIX/READER/LICREAD.TXT
ACROREAD/UNIX/RDR_SRCH/INSTGUID.TXT
ACROREAD/UNIX/RDR_SRCH/LICREAD.TXT
VII. HINTS FOR USING ACROBAT
The Acrobat toolbar is located along the top of the Acrobat screen. Most of the icons in
the tool bar are self-explanatory. The arrow icons move one page at a time. The bar-
arrow icons go to the first or last page in the file. The double-arrow icon allows the user
to go back and retrace previous views.
Clicking on the red text links to other relevant pages or portions of pages or maps. The
cursor changes to a pointing finger when it passes over links. For example, the hand
icon, changes to a pointing finger, which indicates that it is over a link.
The AFPROV.PDF file contains several buttons to facilitate navigation within the file. The
left and right pointing red triangles advance the reader to previous and next page in the PDF
file. The curved left pointing button will take you to the last view and is the same as
selecting ╥Go Back╙ from the ╥View╙ menu. Each panning or magnification change is
considered a view by the Acrobat Reader software. The magnification glass icon can be
accessed in the tool bar at the top of the screen and also along the bottom of the screen to
zoom in or out . The ╥Thumbnail╙ icons on the left side of the screen can be clicked on to
jump directly to that page. The page that is currently displayed will be highlighted. A box
on the ╥Thumbnail╙ shows which portion of the page is being displayed. Moving this box
will display a different portion of the page. Changing the size of the box will also change
the amount of enlargement.
The Acrobat Reader software is described in more detail in the Online Guide that can be
accessed once you run the Acrobat application.